I. Error-Correcting Codes
The QEC dictionary (Part X's chapters in table form). Codes by [[n,k,d]] — n physical, k logical, distance d (corrects ⌊(d−1)/2⌋ errors):
3-qubit repetition [[3,1,1(-ish)]] bit flips only; the concept demo (Ch. 32)
Shor 9-qubit [[9,1,3]] first full code; concatenation of the two
5-qubit (Laflamme) [[5,1,3]] smallest possible distance-3; deep code
Steane [[7,1,3]] CSS; classical [7,4,3] Hamming doubled
Surface code (rotated) [[2d²,1,d]] topological; local check; threshold ~1%;
the industrial choice (Ch. 35, Willow)
Color codes triangular CSS, transversal gates; layout-hungry
qLDPC [[n,k,d]], k>1 high rate; IBM's bet; decoding race (Ch. 79.2)
Bosonic/cat codes cavity-level hardware QEC; Alice&Bob, Ocelot (Ch. 80.4)
Concepts: stabilizer group (abelian Pauli subgroup, −I excluded); syndrome (commutation pattern with generators — tells which subspace, not which state); logical operators (Paulis commuting with all stabilizers — the code's vulnerabilities, string-like for surface codes — hence distance from size); threshold (physical error below which distance wins — the theorem making everything possible); decoders (lookup → MWPM → ML → neural; Ch. 37); logical gates (transversal where possible; lattice surgery + magic states where not — Ch. 79). Key numbers to carry: surface-code threshold ~0.5–1% circuit-level; Λ ≈ 10 per distance step at p≈10⁻³; overhead 2d² per logical; T via distillation ≈ 10³–10⁴ physical per logical op.